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Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2014
Labour market indicators: Romania
All 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 21 686 21 638 21 609 21 575 21 551 21 517 21 484 21 447 21 384 21 336 21 286
2. Population aged 15-64 14 933 14 964 15 021 15 035 15 046 15 042 15 028 14 999 14 968 14 928 14 889
3. Total employment (000) 9 569 9 410 9 267 9 331 9 365 9 366 9 181 9 156 9 082 9 203 9 190
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 8 602 8 635 8 651 8 838 8 843 8 882 8 805 8 822 8 750 8 886 8 884
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 63.7 63.5 63.6 64.8 64.4 64.4 63.5 63.3 62.8 63.8 63.9
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 57.6 57.7 57.6 58.8 58.8 59.0 58.6 58.8 58.5 59.5 59.7
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 26.4 27.9 24.9 24.0 24.4 24.8 24.5 24.3 23.8 23.9 23.5
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 73.1 72.9 73.3 74.7 74.6 74.4 73.7 74.4 74.1 74.9 74.7
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 38.1 36.9 39.4 41.7 41.4 43.1 42.6 41.1 40.0 41.4 41.5
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 58.5 58.3 56.7 57.7 57.8 57.9 57.4 57.4 56.9 58.0 58.2
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 38.3 31.9 33.5 31.3 31.3 30.5 32.0 34.2 32.4 32.4 31.8
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 11.5 10.6 10.2 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.8 11.0 10.5 10.2 9.9
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 2.0 2.5 2.4 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.5
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 32.3 35.1 35.1 37.0 37.9 38.9 40.1 39.6 41.0 40.8 41.3
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 30.7 33.2 32.0 32.3 31.5 31.5 29.8 28.8 29.1 28.7 28.8
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 36.9 31.7 32.9 30.7 30.6 29.6 30.1 31.6 30.0 30.5 30.0
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 62.2 63.0 62.3 63.6 63.0 62.9 63.1 63.6 63.3 64.2 64.6
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 32.9 35.8 31.2 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.9 31.2 31.1 30.9 30.8
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 78.0 78.3 78.2 79.9 79.0 78.3 78.5 79.5 79.1 79.8 79.9
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 38.8 37.9 40.4 42.8 42.4 44.2 43.9 42.5 41.5 42.9 43.1
21. Total unemployment (000) 686 800 704 728 641 576 681 725 730 701 730
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 6.8 8.0 7.2 7.3 6.4 5.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.3
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 19.5 21.0 19.7 21.0 20.1 18.6 20.8 22.1 23.7 22.7 23.6
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.2 4.7 4.0 4.2 3.2 2.4 2.2 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.4
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 6.5 7.8 6.3 6.6 6.1 5.7 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.0 7.3
Male 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 10 549 10 527 10 521 10 506 10 504 10 484 10 465 10 443 10 408 10 385 10 359
2. Population aged 15-64 7 397 7 423 7 467 7 481 7 502 7 501 7 495 7 481 7 466 7 450 7 432
3. Total employment (000) 5 215 5 092 5 063 5 073 5 123 5 156 5 066 5 065 4 996 5 093 5 096
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 4 718 4 705 4 760 4 835 4 863 4 925 4 890 4 916 4 849 4 952 4 962
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 70.5 69.7 70.4 71.2 71.0 71.6 70.7 70.8 69.9 71.4 71.6
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 63.8 63.4 63.7 64.6 64.8 65.7 65.2 65.7 65.0 66.5 66.8
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 29.9 30.7 28.2 27.3 28.3 29.1 28.3 28.1 27.0 27.4 27.3
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 80.1 79.2 80.0 80.8 80.6 80.9 80.5 81.5 80.7 81.7 81.6
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 43.5 43.1 46.7 50.0 50.3 53.0 52.3 50.3 48.9 51.2 51.5
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 65.2 64.3 63.2 63.9 64.3 65.0 64.4 64.6 63.8 65.3 65.5
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 37.8 32.2 34.0 32.0 31.5 30.6 32.3 34.8 32.5 32.6 32.1
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 10.9 10.2 10.0 9.5 9.2 9.1 9.1 10.6 9.6 9.5 9.3
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 2.2 2.9 2.8 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.8 2.0 1.8
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 29.3 31.1 31.1 33.2 33.7 34.1 35.0 33.9 35.3 35.2 35.5
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 35.0 37.8 36.8 36.9 37.0 37.8 36.3 35.6 36.1 35.3 35.3
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 35.7 31.1 32.1 29.9 29.3 28.1 28.7 30.5 28.5 29.5 29.2
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 69.3 70.0 69.4 70.7 70.1 70.6 70.9 71.5 70.7 72.1 72.7
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 37.5 40.5 35.9 35.1 35.9 35.9 35.9 36.2 35.4 35.3 35.6
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 85.8 85.7 85.8 87.1 85.9 85.8 86.3 87.5 86.5 87.6 87.8
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 44.6 44.9 48.4 52.0 52.1 55.1 54.5 52.7 51.6 53.6 54.0
21. Total unemployment (000) 396 491 420 452 399 369 424 437 431 419 440
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 7.2 9.0 7.7 8.2 7.2 6.7 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.6 7.9
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 19.1 22.4 20.5 21.6 21.1 18.8 21.2 22.3 23.7 22.3 23.5
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.4 5.5 4.6 4.7 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.6
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 7.6 9.8 7.7 7.8 7.6 6.8 7.6 8.0 8.4 7.9 8.4
Female 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 11 136 11 111 11 089 11 069 11 047 11 032 11 019 11 004 10 976 10 951 10 927
2. Population aged 15-64 7 536 7 541 7 554 7 554 7 545 7 541 7 533 7 518 7 502 7 479 7 457
3. Total employment (000) 4 354 4 319 4 205 4 257 4 242 4 210 4 115 4 091 4 087 4 110 4 094
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 3 884 3 930 3 891 4 003 3 980 3 958 3 915 3 906 3 901 3 934 3 922
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 57.0 57.4 56.9 58.5 57.9 57.3 56.3 55.9 55.7 56.3 56.2
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 51.5 52.1 51.5 53.0 52.8 52.5 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.6 52.6
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 22.9 25.1 21.6 20.6 20.2 20.2 20.6 20.4 20.4 20.2 19.6
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 66.0 66.6 66.5 68.6 68.5 67.8 66.9 67.2 67.4 67.8 67.7
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 33.3 31.4 33.1 34.5 33.6 34.4 34.1 33.0 32.2 32.9 32.7
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 51.8 52.4 50.2 51.5 51.3 50.8 50.4 50.2 50.0 50.6 50.9
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 39.0 31.5 33.0 30.4 31.0 30.2 31.7 33.4 32.3 32.3 31.5
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 12.2 11.2 10.5 9.8 10.4 10.8 10.6 11.4 11.5 11.1 10.8
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 36.0 39.8 39.9 41.6 43.1 44.9 46.5 46.7 47.9 47.8 48.5
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 25.5 27.8 26.2 26.7 24.7 23.8 21.8 20.3 20.4 20.6 20.5
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 38.5 32.4 33.9 31.7 32.2 31.3 31.8 33.0 31.8 31.7 30.9
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 55.3 56.2 55.3 56.6 56.0 55.2 55.4 55.8 56.0 56.4 56.5
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 28.2 31.0 26.5 25.9 24.9 24.7 25.8 26.1 26.7 26.2 25.7
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 70.1 70.9 70.7 72.6 72.0 70.7 70.6 71.4 71.7 71.9 71.9
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 33.6 31.9 33.5 34.8 33.9 34.7 34.7 33.5 32.7 33.5 33.5
21. Total unemployment (000) 290 309 284 276 242 206 257 288 299 282 290
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 6.3 6.9 6.4 6.1 5.4 4.7 5.8 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.6
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 20.1 18.9 18.4 20.2 18.7 18.3 20.1 21.8 23.8 23.2 23.9
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.0 3.8 3.4 3.6 2.7 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.8 2.9 3.2
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 5.3 5.8 4.9 5.2 4.7 4.5 5.2 5.7 6.4 6.1 6.1
Source: Eurostat.
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Labour market indicators: Romania
All 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 21 686 21 638 21 609 21 575 21 551 21 517 21 484 21 447 21 384 21 336 21 286
2. Population aged 15-64 14 933 14 964 15 021 15 035 15 046 15 042 15 028 14 999 14 968 14 928 14 889
3. Total employment (000) 9 569 9 410 9 267 9 331 9 365 9 366 9 181 9 156 9 082 9 203 9 190
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 8 602 8 635 8 651 8 838 8 843 8 882 8 805 8 822 8 750 8 886 8 884
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 63.7 63.5 63.6 64.8 64.4 64.4 63.5 63.3 62.8 63.8 63.9
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 57.6 57.7 57.6 58.8 58.8 59.0 58.6 58.8 58.5 59.5 59.7
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 26.4 27.9 24.9 24.0 24.4 24.8 24.5 24.3 23.8 23.9 23.5
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 73.1 72.9 73.3 74.7 74.6 74.4 73.7 74.4 74.1 74.9 74.7
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 38.1 36.9 39.4 41.7 41.4 43.1 42.6 41.1 40.0 41.4 41.5
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 58.5 58.3 56.7 57.7 57.8 57.9 57.4 57.4 56.9 58.0 58.2
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 38.3 31.9 33.5 31.3 31.3 30.5 32.0 34.2 32.4 32.4 31.8
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 11.5 10.6 10.2 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.8 11.0 10.5 10.2 9.9
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 2.0 2.5 2.4 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.5
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 32.3 35.1 35.1 37.0 37.9 38.9 40.1 39.6 41.0 40.8 41.3
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 30.7 33.2 32.0 32.3 31.5 31.5 29.8 28.8 29.1 28.7 28.8
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 36.9 31.7 32.9 30.7 30.6 29.6 30.1 31.6 30.0 30.5 30.0
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 62.2 63.0 62.3 63.6 63.0 62.9 63.1 63.6 63.3 64.2 64.6
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 32.9 35.8 31.2 30.6 30.5 30.4 30.9 31.2 31.1 30.9 30.8
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 78.0 78.3 78.2 79.9 79.0 78.3 78.5 79.5 79.1 79.8 79.9
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 38.8 37.9 40.4 42.8 42.4 44.2 43.9 42.5 41.5 42.9 43.1
21. Total unemployment (000) 686 800 704 728 641 576 681 725 730 701 730
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 6.8 8.0 7.2 7.3 6.4 5.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.0 7.3
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 19.5 21.0 19.7 21.0 20.1 18.6 20.8 22.1 23.7 22.7 23.6
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.2 4.7 4.0 4.2 3.2 2.4 2.2 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.4
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 6.5 7.8 6.3 6.6 6.1 5.7 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.0 7.3
Male 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 10 549 10 527 10 521 10 506 10 504 10 484 10 465 10 443 10 408 10 385 10 359
2. Population aged 15-64 7 397 7 423 7 467 7 481 7 502 7 501 7 495 7 481 7 466 7 450 7 432
3. Total employment (000) 5 215 5 092 5 063 5 073 5 123 5 156 5 066 5 065 4 996 5 093 5 096
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 4 718 4 705 4 760 4 835 4 863 4 925 4 890 4 916 4 849 4 952 4 962
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 70.5 69.7 70.4 71.2 71.0 71.6 70.7 70.8 69.9 71.4 71.6
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 63.8 63.4 63.7 64.6 64.8 65.7 65.2 65.7 65.0 66.5 66.8
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 29.9 30.7 28.2 27.3 28.3 29.1 28.3 28.1 27.0 27.4 27.3
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 80.1 79.2 80.0 80.8 80.6 80.9 80.5 81.5 80.7 81.7 81.6
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 43.5 43.1 46.7 50.0 50.3 53.0 52.3 50.3 48.9 51.2 51.5
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 65.2 64.3 63.2 63.9 64.3 65.0 64.4 64.6 63.8 65.3 65.5
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 37.8 32.2 34.0 32.0 31.5 30.6 32.3 34.8 32.5 32.6 32.1
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 10.9 10.2 10.0 9.5 9.2 9.1 9.1 10.6 9.6 9.5 9.3
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 2.2 2.9 2.8 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.8 2.0 1.8
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 29.3 31.1 31.1 33.2 33.7 34.1 35.0 33.9 35.3 35.2 35.5
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 35.0 37.8 36.8 36.9 37.0 37.8 36.3 35.6 36.1 35.3 35.3
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 35.7 31.1 32.1 29.9 29.3 28.1 28.7 30.5 28.5 29.5 29.2
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 69.3 70.0 69.4 70.7 70.1 70.6 70.9 71.5 70.7 72.1 72.7
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 37.5 40.5 35.9 35.1 35.9 35.9 35.9 36.2 35.4 35.3 35.6
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 85.8 85.7 85.8 87.1 85.9 85.8 86.3 87.5 86.5 87.6 87.8
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 44.6 44.9 48.4 52.0 52.1 55.1 54.5 52.7 51.6 53.6 54.0
21. Total unemployment (000) 396 491 420 452 399 369 424 437 431 419 440
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 7.2 9.0 7.7 8.2 7.2 6.7 7.7 7.9 7.9 7.6 7.9
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 19.1 22.4 20.5 21.6 21.1 18.8 21.2 22.3 23.7 22.3 23.5
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.4 5.5 4.6 4.7 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.4 3.6
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 7.6 9.8 7.7 7.8 7.6 6.8 7.6 8.0 8.4 7.9 8.4
Female 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
1. Total population (000) 11 136 11 111 11 089 11 069 11 047 11 032 11 019 11 004 10 976 10 951 10 927
2. Population aged 15-64 7 536 7 541 7 554 7 554 7 545 7 541 7 533 7 518 7 502 7 479 7 457
3. Total employment (000) 4 354 4 319 4 205 4 257 4 242 4 210 4 115 4 091 4 087 4 110 4 094
4. Population in employment aged 15-64 3 884 3 930 3 891 4 003 3 980 3 958 3 915 3 906 3 901 3 934 3 922
5. Employment rate (% population aged 20-64) 57.0 57.4 56.9 58.5 57.9 57.3 56.3 55.9 55.7 56.3 56.2
6. Employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 51.5 52.1 51.5 53.0 52.8 52.5 52.0 52.0 52.0 52.6 52.6
7. Employment rate (% population aged 15-24) 22.9 25.1 21.6 20.6 20.2 20.2 20.6 20.4 20.4 20.2 19.6
8. Employment rate (% population aged 25-54) 66.0 66.6 66.5 68.6 68.5 67.8 66.9 67.2 67.4 67.8 67.7
9. Employment rate (% population aged 55-64) 33.3 31.4 33.1 34.5 33.6 34.4 34.1 33.0 32.2 32.9 32.7
10. FTE employment rate (% population aged 15-64) 51.8 52.4 50.2 51.5 51.3 50.8 50.4 50.2 50.0 50.6 50.9
11. Self-employed (% total employment) 39.0 31.5 33.0 30.4 31.0 30.2 31.7 33.4 32.3 32.3 31.5
12. Part-time employment (% total employment) 12.2 11.2 10.5 9.8 10.4 10.8 10.6 11.4 11.5 11.1 10.8
13. Fixed term contracts (% total employees) 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.2
14. Employment in Services (% total employment) 36.0 39.8 39.9 41.6 43.1 44.9 46.5 46.7 47.9 47.8 48.5
15. Employment in Industry (% total employment) 25.5 27.8 26.2 26.7 24.7 23.8 21.8 20.3 20.4 20.6 20.5
16. Employment in Agriculture (% total employment) 38.5 32.4 33.9 31.7 32.2 31.3 31.8 33.0 31.8 31.7 30.9
17. Activity rate (% population aged 15-64) 55.3 56.2 55.3 56.6 56.0 55.2 55.4 55.8 56.0 56.4 56.5
18. Activity rate (% population aged 15-24) 28.2 31.0 26.5 25.9 24.9 24.7 25.8 26.1 26.7 26.2 25.7
19. Activity rate (% population aged 25-54) 70.1 70.9 70.7 72.6 72.0 70.7 70.6 71.4 71.7 71.9 71.9
20. Activity rate (% population aged 55-64) 33.6 31.9 33.5 34.8 33.9 34.7 34.7 33.5 32.7 33.5 33.5
21. Total unemployment (000) 290 309 284 276 242 206 257 288 299 282 290
22. Unemployment rate (% labour force) 6.3 6.9 6.4 6.1 5.4 4.7 5.8 6.5 6.8 6.4 6.6
23. Youth unemployment rate (% labour force 15-24) 20.1 18.9 18.4 20.2 18.7 18.3 20.1 21.8 23.8 23.2 23.9
24. Long term unemployment rate (% labour force) 4.0 3.8 3.4 3.6 2.7 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.8 2.9 3.2
25. Youth unemployment ratio (% population aged 15-24) 5.3 5.8 4.9 5.2 4.7 4.5 5.2 5.7 6.4 6.1 6.1
Source: Eurostat.
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