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Employment and Social Developments in Europe 2014
Social Inclusion Indicators: France
All 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of total population) 19.0 18.5 b 18.5 19.2 19.3 19.1 18.1
At-risk-of-poverty (% of total population) 13.1 12.5 b 12.9 13.3 14.0 14.1 13.7
At-risk-of-poverty threshold (PPS single person) 9 089 10 496 b 10 644 10 669 10 897 11 271 11 631
Poverty gap (%) 17.9 14.5 b 18.2 19.5 17.1 16.2 16.6
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of total population) 6.4 7.0
At-risk-of-poverty before social transfers excl. pensions (% of total population) 26.4 23.5 b 24.0 24.9 24.7 23.8 24.2
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (%) 50.4 46.8 46.3 46.6 43.3 40.8 43.4
Severe Material Deprivation (% of total population) 4.7 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.1
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of people aged 0-59) 9.6 8.8 8.4 9.9 9.4 8.4 7.9
Gross Household Disposable income adjusted for consumer prices (growth %) 3.0 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.6 -0.8
Income quintile share ratio S80/S20 3.9 4.4 b 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.5
GINI coefficient 26.6 29.8 b 29.9 29.8 30.8 30.5 30.1
Early leavers from education and training (% of population aged 18-24) 12.6 11.5 12.2 12.5 11.9 11.5 9.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 10.3 10.2 12.4 12.3 11.9 12.1 11.2 b
(% of total population aged 15-24)
By gender
Male 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of male population) 18.0 17.3 b 17.1 18.4 18.6 18.4 17.2
At-risk-of-poverty (% of male population) 12.8 11.7 b 11.9 12.7 13.5 13.6 13.0
Poverty gap (%) 18.0 14.7 b 18.8 19.5 17.8 16.3 16.9
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of male population) 5.9 6.3
Severe Material Deprivation (% of male population) 4.4 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.1 5.1 4.6
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of males aged 0-59) 8.6 8.1 7.6 9.2 9.0 8.4 7.3
Life expectancy at birth (years) 77.6 77.8 78.0 78.2 78.7 78.7
Healthy life years at birth (years) 62.8 62.7 62.8 61.8 62.7 62.6
Early leavers from education and training (% of males aged 18-24) 14.9 13.5 14.3 15.0 13.8 13.3 10.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 9.6 10.0 12.9 12.3 11.5 12.4 11.0 b
(% of males aged 15-24)
Female 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of female population) 20.0 19.7 b 19.7 19.9 19.9 19.6 19.0
At-risk-of-poverty (% of female population) 13.4 13.3 b 13.8 13.9 14.5 14.6 14.3
Poverty gap (%) 17.7 14.4 b 18.0 19.7 16.4 16.2 16.3
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of female population) 6.9 7.7
Severe Material Deprivation (% of female population) 5.0 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.5
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of females aged 0-59) 10.6 9.6 9.1 10.5 9.7 8.5 8.5
Life expectancy at birth (years) 84.8 84.8 85.0 85.3 85.7 85.4
Healthy life years at birth (years) 64.4 64.6 63.5 63.4 63.6 63.8
Early leavers from education and training (% of females aged 18-24) 10.3 9.5 10.1 9.9 10.1 9.7 8.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 11.0 10.4 11.9 12.4 12.2 11.8 11.5 b
(% of females aged 15-24)
By age
Children (0-17) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-Risk-of-poverty or exclusion of children (% of people aged 0-17) 19.6 21.2 b 21.2 22.9 23.0 23.2 21.3
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Children population) 15.3 15.6 b 16.8 18.1 18.8 19.0 18.0
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Children population) 5.4 6.6 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.2 6.0
Share of children living in low work intensity households (% of Children population) 7.7 7.4 6.6 8.8 8.2 7.2 6.4
Risk of poverty of children in households at work (Working Intensity > 0.2) 10.6 11.5 12.8 12.7 13.6 14.3 13.8
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (0-17) (%) 58.5 55.3 51.5 50.0 47.5 44.3 47.4
Working age (18-64) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of Working age population) 19.7 18.8 b 18.9 19.9 20.1 19.8 19.2
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Working age population) 12.3 11.6 b 11.8 12.7 13.5 13.7 13.6
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Working age population) 51 61 61 61 51 51 51
Very low work intensity (18-59) 10.4 9.4 9.1 10.3 9.8 8.9 8.5
In-work at-risk-of poverty rate (% of persons employed) 6.4 6.5 b 6.6 6.5 7.6 8.0 8.0
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (18-64) (%) 50.4 47.3 47.8 48.0 43.8 41.0 43.6
Elderly (65+) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-Risk-of-poverty or exclusion of elderly (% of people aged 65+) 15.2 14.1 b 13.4 11.8 11.5 11.1 10.4
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Elderly population) 13.1 11.9 b 11.9 9.4 9.7 9.4 8.7
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Elderly population) 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.4 2.9 2.4 2.7
Relative median income of elderly 0.91 0.95 b 0.96 0.98 1.01 1.0 1.02
(ratio with median income of people younger than 65)
Aggregate replacement ratio (ratio) 0.60 0.65 b 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.65 0.64
Expenditure in social protection indicators (% of GDP) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Sickness/Health care 8.6 8.6 9.2 b 9.3 9.2 9.2 p
Disability 1.8 1.8 2.0 b 2.0 2.0 2.1 p
Old age and survivors 13.0 13.4 14.2 b 14.3 14.4 14.7 p
Family/Children 2.6 2.6 2.6 b 2.5 2.5 2.6 p
Unemployment 1.9 1.9 1.9 b 2.0 1.9 2.0 p
Housing and Social exclusion n.e.c. 1.3 1.4 1.6 b 1.6 1.6 1.6 p
Total (including Admin and Other expenditures) 30.9 31.3 33.6 b 33.7 33.4 34.2 p
of which: Means tested benefits 3.3 3.3 3.4 b 3.4 3.4 3.5 p
Notes: b = break in time series; d = definition differs, see metadata; e = estimated; f = forecast; p = provisional; s = Eurostat estimate; u = low reliability.
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Social Inclusion Indicators: France
All 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of total population) 19.0 18.5 b 18.5 19.2 19.3 19.1 18.1
At-risk-of-poverty (% of total population) 13.1 12.5 b 12.9 13.3 14.0 14.1 13.7
At-risk-of-poverty threshold (PPS single person) 9 089 10 496 b 10 644 10 669 10 897 11 271 11 631
Poverty gap (%) 17.9 14.5 b 18.2 19.5 17.1 16.2 16.6
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of total population) 6.4 7.0
At-risk-of-poverty before social transfers excl. pensions (% of total population) 26.4 23.5 b 24.0 24.9 24.7 23.8 24.2
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (%) 50.4 46.8 46.3 46.6 43.3 40.8 43.4
Severe Material Deprivation (% of total population) 4.7 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.2 5.3 5.1
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of people aged 0-59) 9.6 8.8 8.4 9.9 9.4 8.4 7.9
Gross Household Disposable income adjusted for consumer prices (growth %) 3.0 0.5 1.2 1.0 0.6 -0.8
Income quintile share ratio S80/S20 3.9 4.4 b 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.5
GINI coefficient 26.6 29.8 b 29.9 29.8 30.8 30.5 30.1
Early leavers from education and training (% of population aged 18-24) 12.6 11.5 12.2 12.5 11.9 11.5 9.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 10.3 10.2 12.4 12.3 11.9 12.1 11.2 b
(% of total population aged 15-24)
By gender
Male 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of male population) 18.0 17.3 b 17.1 18.4 18.6 18.4 17.2
At-risk-of-poverty (% of male population) 12.8 11.7 b 11.9 12.7 13.5 13.6 13.0
Poverty gap (%) 18.0 14.7 b 18.8 19.5 17.8 16.3 16.9
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of male population) 5.9 6.3
Severe Material Deprivation (% of male population) 4.4 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.1 5.1 4.6
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of males aged 0-59) 8.6 8.1 7.6 9.2 9.0 8.4 7.3
Life expectancy at birth (years) 77.6 77.8 78.0 78.2 78.7 78.7
Healthy life years at birth (years) 62.8 62.7 62.8 61.8 62.7 62.6
Early leavers from education and training (% of males aged 18-24) 14.9 13.5 14.3 15.0 13.8 13.3 10.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 9.6 10.0 12.9 12.3 11.5 12.4 11.0 b
(% of males aged 15-24)
Female 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of female population) 20.0 19.7 b 19.7 19.9 19.9 19.6 19.0
At-risk-of-poverty (% of female population) 13.4 13.3 b 13.8 13.9 14.5 14.6 14.3
Poverty gap (%) 17.7 14.4 b 18.0 19.7 16.4 16.2 16.3
Persistent at-risk-of-poverty (% of female population) 6.9 7.7
Severe Material Deprivation (% of female population) 5.0 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.5
Share of people living in low work intensity households (% of females aged 0-59) 10.6 9.6 9.1 10.5 9.7 8.5 8.5
Life expectancy at birth (years) 84.8 84.8 85.0 85.3 85.7 85.4
Healthy life years at birth (years) 64.4 64.6 63.5 63.4 63.6 63.8
Early leavers from education and training (% of females aged 18-24) 10.3 9.5 10.1 9.9 10.1 9.7 8.7 b
NEET: Young people not in employment, education or training 11.0 10.4 11.9 12.4 12.2 11.8 11.5 b
(% of females aged 15-24)
By age
Children (0-17) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-Risk-of-poverty or exclusion of children (% of people aged 0-17) 19.6 21.2 b 21.2 22.9 23.0 23.2 21.3
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Children population) 15.3 15.6 b 16.8 18.1 18.8 19.0 18.0
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Children population) 5.4 6.6 6.5 7.0 7.0 7.2 6.0
Share of children living in low work intensity households (% of Children population) 7.7 7.4 6.6 8.8 8.2 7.2 6.4
Risk of poverty of children in households at work (Working Intensity > 0.2) 10.6 11.5 12.8 12.7 13.6 14.3 13.8
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (0-17) (%) 58.5 55.3 51.5 50.0 47.5 44.3 47.4
Working age (18-64) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-risk-of-poverty or exclusion (% of Working age population) 19.7 18.8 b 18.9 19.9 20.1 19.8 19.2
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Working age population) 12.3 11.6 b 11.8 12.7 13.5 13.7 13.6
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Working age population) 51 61 61 61 51 51 51
Very low work intensity (18-59) 10.4 9.4 9.1 10.3 9.8 8.9 8.5
In-work at-risk-of poverty rate (% of persons employed) 6.4 6.5 b 6.6 6.5 7.6 8.0 8.0
Impact of social transfers (excl. pensions) in reducing poverty (18-64) (%) 50.4 47.3 47.8 48.0 43.8 41.0 43.6
Elderly (65+) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
At-Risk-of-poverty or exclusion of elderly (% of people aged 65+) 15.2 14.1 b 13.4 11.8 11.5 11.1 10.4
At-risk-of-poverty (% of Elderly population) 13.1 11.9 b 11.9 9.4 9.7 9.4 8.7
Severe Material Deprivation (% of Elderly population) 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.4 2.9 2.4 2.7
Relative median income of elderly 0.91 0.95 b 0.96 0.98 1.01 1.0 1.02
(ratio with median income of people younger than 65)
Aggregate replacement ratio (ratio) 0.60 0.65 b 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.65 0.64
Expenditure in social protection indicators (% of GDP) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Sickness/Health care 8.6 8.6 9.2 b 9.3 9.2 9.2 p
Disability 1.8 1.8 2.0 b 2.0 2.0 2.1 p
Old age and survivors 13.0 13.4 14.2 b 14.3 14.4 14.7 p
Family/Children 2.6 2.6 2.6 b 2.5 2.5 2.6 p
Unemployment 1.9 1.9 1.9 b 2.0 1.9 2.0 p
Housing and Social exclusion n.e.c. 1.3 1.4 1.6 b 1.6 1.6 1.6 p
Total (including Admin and Other expenditures) 30.9 31.3 33.6 b 33.7 33.4 34.2 p
of which: Means tested benefits 3.3 3.3 3.4 b 3.4 3.4 3.5 p
Notes: b = break in time series; d = definition differs, see metadata; e = estimated; f = forecast; p = provisional; s = Eurostat estimate; u = low reliability.
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