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options to acHieVe a2a interoperiBility
3.1
Identifying possible
options
T his section introduces the most likely implementation options that should be considered for achieving a2a interoperability
between mobile money schemes and between mobile money schemes and banks. For each approach identified, a summary is
provided with its strengths and weaknesses for the participating mmos.
in order to be able to evaluate fully the most appropriate approach, the market context for a deployment must be taken into considera-
tion. the next section of this document presents an evaluation of the potential options for different market contexts, as each implemen-
tation option has consequences for participating mobile money schemes.
The implementation options described in this section are:
• Bilateral agreements between schemes and banks;
• neutral processor between schemes and with banks;
• commercial processor between schemes and with banks;
• using a bank and a national acH to interface with other banks;
• Direct connectivity to national acH for all schemes and banks;
• commercial processor for bank interface, bilateral between schemes.
the above options are described using overview diagrams to illustrate connectivity between participants. In the diagrams blue lines are
used to indicate transaction flows and red lines settlement flows. Note that settlement (the flow of ‘real’ funds) would occur between
bank accounts belonging to the participant MMO. For settlement participants need to be able to reconcile the flow of funds into their
bank account with the flow of e-money associated with the transaction. this detail is not shown in the diagrams.
9
3.1
Identifying possible
options
T his section introduces the most likely implementation options that should be considered for achieving a2a interoperability
between mobile money schemes and between mobile money schemes and banks. For each approach identified, a summary is
provided with its strengths and weaknesses for the participating mmos.
in order to be able to evaluate fully the most appropriate approach, the market context for a deployment must be taken into considera-
tion. the next section of this document presents an evaluation of the potential options for different market contexts, as each implemen-
tation option has consequences for participating mobile money schemes.
The implementation options described in this section are:
• Bilateral agreements between schemes and banks;
• neutral processor between schemes and with banks;
• commercial processor between schemes and with banks;
• using a bank and a national acH to interface with other banks;
• Direct connectivity to national acH for all schemes and banks;
• commercial processor for bank interface, bilateral between schemes.
the above options are described using overview diagrams to illustrate connectivity between participants. In the diagrams blue lines are
used to indicate transaction flows and red lines settlement flows. Note that settlement (the flow of ‘real’ funds) would occur between
bank accounts belonging to the participant MMO. For settlement participants need to be able to reconcile the flow of funds into their
bank account with the flow of e-money associated with the transaction. this detail is not shown in the diagrams.
9
